Climate Change Shrinks Hajj Safe Window
Analysis based on 12 articles · First reported May 28, 2026 · Last updated May 29, 2026
The shrinking safe window for the Hajj pilgrimage due to climate change could negatively impact the tourism sector in Saudi Arabia, as fewer pilgrims might be able to attend or require more extensive and costly heat mitigation measures. This could lead to increased operational costs for pilgrimage services and potentially reduced revenue for businesses catering to pilgrims.
A new study by World Weather Attribution indicates that climate change is significantly reducing the safe period for the annual Muslim Hajj pilgrimage in Mecca, Saudi Arabia. Temperatures in May in Mecca are now comparable to summer temperatures in the 1980s, with an increase of about 3.5 degrees C since pre-industrial times. This poses increasing risks to pilgrims, as evidenced by over 1,300 deaths during the 2024 pilgrimage. Saudi Arabia has responded by strengthening anti-heat measures, including extensive use of air conditioning. A 2019 study in Geophysical Research Letters also projected that heat stress during the Hajj could exceed 'extreme danger thresholds' in future decades.
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