Nigeria & Jama at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin

Nigeria: Nigeria, as part of the Alliance of Sahel States, conducted intense air campaigns following the attacks in Mali, showing regional cooperation in response to the escalating conflict.

Jama at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin: The Jama at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin, an Al-Qaeda-linked jihadist group, is cooperating with the Arab Azawad Liberation Front to seize territory and destabilize the Malian junta, including imposing a road blockade on Bamako.

Nigeria: Nigeria is mentioned as one of the countries in the region that, following military coups, turned to Russia for help in combating Islamic militants, highlighting a regional trend.

Jama at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin: Jama at Nusrat al-Islam wal-Muslimin, an al-Qaeda affiliate, coordinated major attacks across Mali, including the one that killed Sadio Camara, demonstrating its capacity to strike at the core of state power and challenge the government's security.