Al-Shabab

Al-Shabab, identified as an arm of the Islamic State of West African Province (ISWAP), is the terrorist organization responsible for planning and executing the St Francis Catholic Church attack. Its members carried out the killings and injuries.

Al-Shabab's past attacks led to the border closure, and the group remains a significant security concern for both Kenya and Somalia, necessitating heavy security deployment upon reopening.

Al-Shabab's continued insurgency and militant activities in Somalia are cited by plaintiffs as evidence that conditions in the country remain dire, thus justifying the continuation of TPS.

Al-Shabab, an affiliate of Al-Qaeda, has stated its opposition to any Israeli use of Somaliland, posing a local security threat to the region and potentially to the Berbera port.

Al-Shabab is an Al-Qaeda-linked militant group involved in an ongoing armed conflict in Somalia, which is cited as a reason for continued Temporary Protected Status for Somali nationals.